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Traditional Roman House Designs

Historically, many of the traditional Roman house designs featured the iconic golden arches and symmetrical facades of ancient Roman architecture. Men of higher ranks were typically found living in luxurious villas while middle-class people occupied homes closer to the city centre. These homes often had large open courtyards, many windows, and a balcony. In ancient Roman villas, the main living area was often found on the upper level which was also the most private. However, it was common for people to have separate houses for their servants, slaves, and guests.

Traditional Roman house designs contain many features of the Greco-Roman period such as the iconic columns and columns on either side of the main entrance. The roofs were typically flat and had terraces for socializing and for watching the stars at night. Many of these designs were very affordable yet still featured the same luxuries as the more expensive, Roman villas.

Traditional Roman House Designs

Types of Ancient Roman Houses

There were several types of ancient Roman houses, each university by the family’s financial status and available resources. Amongst the most expensive were the domus, the garden villa, and the peristyle houses. The domus was a single-story house built from either stone, wood, or brick and featured a terrace with a skylight for extra light and natural ventilation. It was also common for these homes to feature a garden, pool, and other entertainment areas.

The garden villa was similar in shape to the domus but had a garden, pool, and other entertainment areas built in. The peristyle house was a more luxurious version of the domus and has an outdoor courtyard surrounded by columns. These homes also featured multiple terraces and gardens as well as an atrium built in the center of the home. Types of Ancient Roman Houses

Casa Romana: Ancient Roman Homes

Casa Romana was the most common type of Ancient Roman homes. It was usually a single-story house, usually made of wood or stone to provide strength against the winds and weather. Those living in casa Romana typically had smaller plots of land that was enclosed in an enclosure. This allowed them to have a private, safe space. The interior of the casa Romana usually featured multiple rooms that connected to one another.

The walls and columns of the casa Romana were often decorated with murals, frescoes and colorful mosaics. The most common room in the house was the atrium, used as an area to entertain guests. Additionally, there was often a peristyle courtyard in the center of the house, creating a secluded outdoor retreat for the family. Casa Romana: Ancient Roman Homes

Ancient Roman Villa Layout

The Ancient Roman Villa Layout was by far one of the most iconic and traditional house designs of the ancient Roman period. The villa was primarily built as a luxury home for the upper class, featuring multiple courtyards, terraces, gardens, and separate living areas for servants and guests. The villa was the archetype of luxury and extravagance, giving those of the Roman elite a sense of grandeur and elegance.

The villa was typically built on one story, although two stories were not uncommon. The architecture was typically symmetrical, featuring columns and ornate decorations. One of the main features of the villa was the atrium, a large open courtyard surrounded by rooms and spaces such as a library, reception hall, dining room, and bedrooms. Ancient Roman Villa Layout

Peristyle House

Aside from the domus, the most expensive type of house in ancient Rome was the Peristyle House. It usually had a rectangular shape with a main hall or portico to the main entrance. From the main portico, the house had several smaller buildings that were known as tabernae, or shops. The atrium at the center of these homes was typically open and sunny with multiple terraces and gardens surrounding it. This spacious interior allowed the family and guests to have a social gathering in the atrium while still being indoors.

The peristyle house was also known for its intricate decorations, such as marble floors, frescos, and sculptures. These houses also had numerous heated rooms, heated by either hypocausts or hot-water systems. Peristyle House

Villa Urbana

The Villa Urbana was a popular type of house in Ancient Rome. It featured an andron, a large open space that was used for entertaining guests. This space usually had a pool and terrace, and it was the center of social life in the house. The villa was typically three stories high with the main living area on the top floor. On the ground level, there were usually shops, kitchens, servants’ quarters and stables.

Although the architecture of the Villa Urbana was usually plain, it was often decorated with artwork and luxurious furnishings. Such decorations were an important part of Roman culture in the Villa Urbana. Villa Urbana

Roman Town Houses

Roman town houses, or domus, were the homes of the upper-class in ancient Rome. These homes were typically two or three stories high, with the main living area located on the top floor. The domus were also typically surrounded by a wall, which served to keep out the noise and smell from the streets. Inside, these homes were often spacious and luxurious, featuring rich decorations and imported furniture.

The layout of the domus was typically quite symmetrical, with the most important rooms located in the center. These included the atrium, the peristyle, and the triclinium, which was a room for dining. The bedrooms, kitchens, and servants’ quarters were typically located around the edges of the domus. Roman Town Houses

Domus Plan

The Domus plan was a popular type of house layout in ancient Rome. It was primarily used by the upper-class, featuring a large central courtyard surrounded by rooms. These rooms included a triclinium, or dining room, bedrooms, kitchens, and other necessary living spaces. The Domus plan fostered a sense of grandeur and elegance, and it was an important representation of elite Roman society.

The Domus plan is characterized by its large, usually open, central courtyard. This courtyard or atrium served multiple purposes, from providing an outdoor seating area to hosting social events. Additionally, the domus plan was typically surrounded by walls to provide the inhabitants with privacy. Domus Plan

Atrium House

The Atrium House was an important type of house during the Roman Empire. It featured a large covered central courtyard, known as the “atrium”, surrounded by multiple rooms and spaces. The atrium was usually lavishly decorated with colorful frescoes and mosaic tiles. It was also used as a gathering place for social events and entertaining guests.

The Atrium House also featured multiple levels and rooms, which allowed it to accommodate larger families. Additionally, the multiple levels provided a sense of privacy, while still providing the inhabitants with the necessary living space. Above all else, the Atrium House was a symbol of luxury and extravagance during the Roman Empire. Atrium House

Roman Festival Houses

The Roman festival houses were typically built as temporary homes during religious and other festivals. These houses were small and usually decorated with bright colors and festive decorations. They featured a main room surrounded by multiple other rooms and were often built on higher ground to serve as a retreat from the crowd.

The Roman festival houses were typically built to be used for a short amount of time and then taken down afterwards. They provided the festival-goers with a place to rest and take shelter from inclement weather. Additionally, the bright colors and decorations helped to create a cheerful atmosphere for the festival-goers. Roman Festival Houses

Roman Indoor Decoration

Roman indoor decoration was a reflection of the luxury and the extravagant lifestyle of the Roman elite. They often featured vibrant colors and intricate designs. Many of the decorations were based on Greek and Egyptian designs, which were very popular amongst the upper-class. These decorations were often made of marble, gilding, and mosaic tiles.

Types of Ancient Roman Houses